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Answer:Figurative languageincludes the use offigures of speech(metaphors, similes, allusions, etc.) to make the speech more effective and persuasive.InChapter 1 ofThe Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald introduces the characters and the narrator, and establishes the setting. In doing so, he uses the following figures of speech:Hyperbole(an exaggerated statement or claim)Jordan, while lying on the couch, says to Tom:"I'm stiff. I've been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember. "This is, of course, an exaggeration.Metaphor(reference to one thing/concept by mentioning another)"My own house was an eyesore, but it was a small eyesore."Nick refers to his house as an eyesore (an ugly sight in a public place).Personification(giving human characteristics and traits to something that is not human)"The abnormal mind is quick to detect and attach itself to this quality when it appears in a normal person."Nick, the narrator, personifies 'the mind', which detects certain qualities.Simile(comparison of two things by mentioning the similarities between them, usually through the use of words 'like' or 'as')"Instead of being the warm center of the world, the Middle West now seemed like the ragged edge of the universe."Nick is not satisfied with his home after the war, and compares it to "the ragged edge of the universe."...