Final answer:Ostracizing a service member who has reported a criminal offense is categorized as retaliation. It specifically refers to negative actions taken against someone for engaging in a legally protected activity like reporting a crime. Therefore, the correct answer is option 2) Retaliation.Explanation:Ostracizing a service member who has reported a criminal offense is known as retaliation. Retaliation occurs when an individual is punished in some way for engaging in legally protected activity, such as reporting a crime or a violation of workplace policies. This can take the form of social exclusion, professional setbacks, or other negative actions meant to deter the reporting individual from raising concerns. Ostracizing does not align with options like harassment, discrimination, or intimidation in this specific context, as retaliation is a specific repercussion for the action of reporting an offense rather than a general form of hostility or prejudice.According to the provided information, harassment covers a broad range of negative actions, like offensive remarks about someone's religion, and sexual harassment, which comprises intimidation or bullying of a sexual nature. Also, according to the multiple choices, providing counseling through human resources upon reports of bullying is not considered a form of workplace bullying, and hence it is not parallel to the concept of ostracizing someone for reporting an offense....

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